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SunSniffer is a technology for individual module monitoring, integrated into the junction boxes of solar modules. It combines real-time data from individual modules and strings with intelligent analysis to make plant behaviour visible at module level.

The system supports problem detection and pattern analysis, presents the data in a user-friendly way and helps define targeted O&M actions. By indicating which modules are affected and what should be checked, SunSniffer can reduce unnecessary diagnostic work on site and help technicians prepare maintenance more effectively.

SunSniffer is designed for accurate monitoring of individual modules within a PV installation. It provides the data needed to localise deviations and support safe, consistent plant operation.

Remote pattern analysis helps operators plan targeted O&M interventions before sending a technician into the field.

PV plants do not operate as well as they could. Each module is subject to natural degradation, and faults resulting from production and external influences cause reductions in performance — often much greater than assumed.

Conventional technology provides no feedback from where the electricity is actually produced: in the module. Many errors cannot be detected by conventional diagnostic methods in the field, and those methods are also complex and expensive.

Accurate, module-specific data goes beyond detecting that a loss exists: it helps show where a deviation occurs and how it develops over time.

This supports precise recommendations for action and an easy-to-understand display, including for non-technical users. Repair and maintenance work can be assessed and prioritised before an intervention.

The system uses the existing wiring, which keeps installation efficient and robust.

Module-level data can often be analysed remotely before a site visit. The affected area and likely cause can be narrowed down in advance, helping technicians prepare a targeted inspection and reducing unnecessary diagnostic work in the field.

The SunSniffer system consists of components designed for easy plug-and-play integration: SunSniffer Sensor, SunSniffer String Reader, SunSniffer Gateway and the SunSniffer WebPortal.

A small chip integrated by SunSniffer in the junction box of the solar module. The sensor measures voltage and temperature in relation to the serial number of the module and transmits them to the String Reader over powerline: the transmission runs over the existing DC wiring, so no further communication cabling is needed.

Voltage and temperature are measured every 15 seconds. Sensor accuracy: 99%.

The String Reader collects the data coming from the sensors within a string of modules and measures current as well as voltage. The data is then sent to the Gateway via Modbus (RS 485).

The Gateway collects all data from the field — String Readers, inverters, irradiance and other environmental sensors — and transmits it to the WebPortal over the internet.

The WebPortal analyses and prepares the data. It does not only detect individual performance variations but also analyses patterns, for example the shading of a module, using intelligent data analysis. In case of module damage the system informs the plant maintainer by e-mail or SMS.

A visualisation function shows the whole installation as it was planned and built. Thanks to the module serial number registered in the sensor chip, every module can be identified unambiguously.

No. Sensor and String Reader communicate over the normal solar cabling using a specifically developed transmission technology (PLC, powerline communication). An additional installation of communication cables is not necessary.

Power output measured from module, string and inverter, plus the information whether there is a deviation from simulation. The problem is localised exactly and reported with a suggestion which modules need to be replaced or serviced. This is communicated to an app for field use.

The simulation software enables the irradiance sensor to calculate a set value, which is then matched with the actual current. The comparison indicates the degree of soiling of the solar modules.

Yes. A permanent quick check answers PID yes or no. PID is detected from the specific PID voltage pattern of the individual solar modules.

SunSniffer recognises the voltage reduction patterns generated by microcracks.

SunSniffer recognises the different voltage reduction patterns that are typical of different shading types, systemic and temporary.

SunSniffer detects potentially defective diodes from voltage measurements. Diode failures are identified by the analysis engine via loss of voltage.

The strings are monitored with a simulation engine and an irradiance sensor, from which module degradation is calculated.

Temperature is an important factor influencing the performance of the whole plant. SunSniffer measures the temperature of each module individually, which makes clear what the impact of different factors — such as wind — is on specific parts of the plant.

Yes. SunSniffer is capable of carrying out a full comparison of different PV systems.

Hot spots can lead to measurable electrical deviations. SunSniffer records voltage and temperature at module level. Sensor accuracy: 99%.

That depends on the amount. The effect can range from reduced current up to voltage loss caused by hot spots.

Broken cells can lead to less voltage and less current, depending on the type of defect.

Yes, for PID for example. In a case of PID the modules at the end of the string lose voltage. It is a slow but ongoing increase of loss which will harm the modules; at a certain stage those modules cannot be healed anymore.

Retrofits are plugged between the modules and the junction boxes: instead of connecting the modules to each other directly, the retrofit is plugged in between them. The retrofit clip and retrofit box are shown on the Sensors page.

It depends on plant size. A String Reader needs 4 kB per hour, an inverter 30 kB per hour. For a 2 MW plant this adds up to about 4.5 MB per hour. With an upload bandwidth of 1.25 kB per second — HSPA offers about 8 kB — plants of up to roughly 12 MW can be handled over a normal mobile connection.

Measurements are taken every 15 seconds by the sensor. Data is transferred to the WebPortal about every 5 to 15 minutes. In the scientific version of the Gateway the transmission interval can be adjusted.

That depends on plant size; at a lower connection speed the sending interval is enlarged. For a 1 MW plant a data volume of about 150 MB should be sufficient.

The theoretical maximum is 1.2 km, but long distances should not be run with normal cabling. Where long, interference-free distances are needed, use fibre optics: add a fibre-optic media converter and there is no limit in length and no interference at all.

Sensors are always recognised by their serial number, whether or not the module serial number is known. To know which module is affected, and to set up the plant view, the module and sensor serial numbers must be mapped. During production of modules with an integrated SunSniffer sensor this mapping is generated automatically.